Direct mail fails, but face-to-face and Internet fundraising are big in Italy and Spain.

By Daryl Upsall

Many of the major international players already are established in Spain such as The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Cruz Roja (Red Cross) and Ayuda en Acción (ActionAid). Additionally, there are numerous Spanish development NGOs that are closely associated with the Catholic Church.